BPCL.NSBPCL.NS
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R&D Expense Growth Under Pressure
Trending lower, below historical average.
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
-100.00%
↓ 4917% below average
Average (9y)
-1.99%
Historical baseline
Range
High:44.54%
Low:-100.00%
CAGR
NaN%
Modest growth trend
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | -100.00% |
| 2024 | 5.88% |
| 2023 | 7.93% |
| 2022 | 4.77% |
| 2021 | -3.61% |
| 2020 | -5.06% |
| 2019 | 12.73% |
| 2018 | 44.54% |
| 2017 | -19.04% |
| 2016 | 31.93% |