COV.PACOV.PA
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R&D Expense Growth Under Pressure
Below historical average.
Left:
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
0.00%
↓ 100% below average
Average (9y)
69.33%
Historical baseline
Range
High:376.55%
Low:-100.00%
Volatility
687.4%
High variability
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 0.00% |
| 2023 | 0.00% |
| 2022 | 0.00% |
| 2021 | 0.00% |
| 2020 | -100.00% |
| 2019 | 210.94% |
| 2018 | -85.74% |
| 2017 | 295.18% |
| 2016 | -3.62% |
| 2015 | 376.55% |