GRND3.SAGRND3.SA
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R&D Expense Growth Under Pressure
Trending lower, below historical average.
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
-100.00%
↓ 404% below average
Average (9y)
-19.85%
Historical baseline
Range
High:0.00%
Low:-100.00%
Volatility
-503.9%
Relatively stable
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2024 | -100.00% |
| 2023 | -23.38% |
| 2022 | -32.37% |
| 2021 | -21.15% |
| 2020 | -3.89% |
| 2019 | -12.97% |
| 2018 | -4.70% |
| 2017 | 0.00% |
| 2016 | 0.00% |
| 2015 | 0.00% |