4534.T4534.TJPX
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Percentile
P21
Within normal range
vs 3Y Ago
-0.5x
Contraction
Streak
3 yr
Consecutive declineDecelerating
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2024 | -6.99% |
| 2023 | -5.49% |
| 2022 | 8.04% |
| 2021 | 13.33% |
| 2020 | -8.71% |
| 2019 | -8.61% |
| 2018 | 9.16% |
| 2017 | -21.77% |
| 2016 | 13.17% |
| 2015 | 14.24% |