5478.TWO5478.TWOTWO
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Percentile
P64
Within normal range
vs 3Y Ago
-0.4x
Contraction
Streak
1 yr
Consecutive declineDecelerating
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | -2.21% |
| 2024 | 9.91% |
| 2023 | -2.78% |
| 2022 | 5.93% |
| 2021 | -27.99% |
| 2020 | -8.19% |
| 2019 | -0.23% |
| 2018 | 1.14% |
| 2017 | -14.42% |
| 2016 | -16.08% |