ERA.PAERA.PAPAR
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
0.00%
↓ 100% vs avg
Percentile
P57
Within normal range
Streak
1 yr
Consecutive growthDecelerating
Average
3.92%
Historical baseline
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 0.00% |
| 2024 | -100.00% |
| 2023 | 158.82% |
| 2022 | -19.05% |
| 2021 | -32.26% |
| 2020 | 24.00% |
| 2019 | -10.71% |
| 2018 | 0.00% |
| 2017 | -17.65% |
| 2016 | 36.00% |