LUPIN.BOLUPIN.BO
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R&D Expense Growth Under Pressure
Trending lower, above historical average, structural decline.
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
15.77%
↑ 122% above average
Average (9y)
7.11%
Historical baseline
Range
High:45.96%
Low:-19.87%
CAGR
-11.2%
Structural decline
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 15.77% |
| 2024 | 19.26% |
| 2023 | -8.72% |
| 2022 | -2.10% |
| 2021 | -7.81% |
| 2020 | 3.50% |
| 2019 | -18.90% |
| 2018 | -19.87% |
| 2017 | 44.04% |
| 2016 | 45.96% |