Research and development spending
| Period | Value | YoY Change |
|---|---|---|
| TTM | $356.21B | +13.4% |
| 2024 | $314.23B | +2.1% |
| 2023 | $307.80B | +11.8% |
| 2022 | $275.23B | +18.5% |
| 2021 | $232.30B | +7.1% |
| 2020 | $216.84B | +0.5% |
| 2019 | $215.79B | -0.2% |
| 2018 | $216.14B | +23.1% |
| 2017 | $175.56B | +4.0% |
| 2016 | $168.82B | - |