PIIND.BOPIIND.BO
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R&D Expense Growth Under Pressure
Trending lower, below historical average.
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
5.29%
↓ 79% below average
Average (9y)
25.32%
Historical baseline
Range
High:72.37%
Low:0.00%
Volatility
285.9%
High variability
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 5.29% |
| 2024 | 21.30% |
| 2023 | 22.08% |
| 2022 | 5.45% |
| 2021 | 40.15% |
| 2020 | 18.02% |
| 2019 | 4.88% |
| 2018 | 63.64% |
| 2017 | 72.37% |
| 2016 | 0.00% |