PMZ-UN.TOPMZ-UN.TOTSX
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
0.00%
↓ 100% vs avg
Percentile
P7
Near historical low
Average
16.25%
Historical baseline
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 0.00% |
| 2024 | 0.00% |
| 2023 | 100.00% |
| 2022 | -102.31% |
| 2021 | 164.83% |
| 2020 | 0.00% |
| 2019 | 0.00% |
| 2018 | 0.00% |
| 2012 | 0.00% |
| 2011 | 0.00% |