UNOMINDA.BOUNOMINDA.BO
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R&D Expense Growth Under Pressure
Trending lower, below historical average, strong compound growth.
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
33.36%
↓ 32% below average
Average (9y)
49.14%
Historical baseline
Range
High:424.32%
Low:-94.11%
CAGR
+61.2%
Consistent expansion
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 33.36% |
| 2024 | 46.94% |
| 2023 | 25.13% |
| 2022 | 424.32% |
| 2021 | -94.11% |
| 2020 | -3.85% |
| 2019 | 31.22% |
| 2018 | 9.49% |
| 2017 | 18.46% |
| 2016 | 0.45% |