VRLA.PAVRLA.PAPAR
Loading
Research and development spending
Latest
$0.00
↓ 100% vs avg
Percentile
P0
Near historical low
Streak
1 yr
Consecutive declineContracting
Average
$3.96M
Historical baseline
| Period | Value | YoY Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $0.00 | -100.0% |
| 2024 | $2.40M | +9.1% |
| 2023 | $2.20M | -63.9% |
| 2022 | $6.10M | +69.4% |
| 2021 | $3.60M | -20.0% |
| 2020 | $4.50M | -8.2% |
| 2019 | $4.90M | -3.9% |
| 2018 | $5.10M | -7.3% |
| 2017 | $5.50M | +3.8% |
| 2016 | $5.30M | - |