UBI.PAUBI.PAPAR
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
0.00%
↓ 100% vs avg
Percentile
P43
Within normal range
Streak
1 yr
Consecutive growthDecelerating
Average
8.95%
Historical baseline
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 0.00% |
| 2024 | -25.65% |
| 2023 | 75.12% |
| 2022 | -0.56% |
| 2021 | 14.74% |
| 2020 | -2.72% |
| 2019 | 7.29% |
| 2018 | 25.85% |
| 2017 | 7.64% |
| 2016 | -12.19% |