VLPNFVLPNFOTC
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Year-over-year research & development expense growth
Latest
0.00%
↑ 100% vs avg
Percentile
P21
Within normal range
Streak
1 yr
Consecutive growthStable
Average
-5.54%
Historical baseline
| Period | Value |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 0.00% |
| 2024 | -100.00% |
| 2023 | 9.95% |
| 2022 | 13.44% |
| 2021 | -12.10% |
| 2020 | 2.29% |
| 2019 | 12.10% |
| 2018 | 8.41% |
| 2017 | 6.45% |
| 2016 | 4.03% |