Permanent capital discount to NAV may persist or widen if European investment holding companies fall further out of favor versus direct venture/PE fund access
Regulatory changes in key markets - particularly African fintech regulation, European digital services taxation, and Latin American e-commerce rules affecting portfolio company unit economics
Technology disruption risk across portfolio - e-commerce margin compression from Amazon expansion, fintech disintermediation, telecom commoditization
Competition from well-capitalized growth equity funds (Prosus, Naspers, SoftBank) for premium African and Latin American assets, driving up entry valuations
Portfolio company competitive pressures - Zalando facing Shein/Temu in fast fashion, African fintech competing with incumbent banks and Chinese-backed platforms
Liquidity constraints if forced to support struggling portfolio companies during down-rounds while public holdings decline, though current 0.06 D/E provides cushion
Currency exposure across SEK, EUR, USD, and emerging market currencies creates translation risk - estimated 40-50% of NAV in non-SEK assets
Concentration risk with top 5 holdings representing approximately 60-70% of NAV, creating single-name dependency
StructuralCompetitiveBalance Sheet