Aircraft oversupply from manufacturer production ramps: Boeing and Airbus increasing production rates to 60-70 narrowbodies/month could flood the market, depressing lease rates and residual values if demand doesn't keep pace
Technological obsolescence and environmental regulations: Shift to more fuel-efficient aircraft (A320neo, 737 MAX) and potential carbon taxes could accelerate depreciation of older-generation aircraft in the fleet
Airline industry consolidation and vertical integration: Major airlines increasingly purchasing aircraft directly or forming captive leasing subsidiaries, reducing demand for independent lessors
Competition from Chinese lessors with state-backed financing: CALC, BOC Aviation, and CDB Leasing have lower cost of capital and aggressive pricing, particularly in Asia-Pacific markets
Manufacturer captive lessors (Boeing Capital, Airbus Financial Services): OEMs can bundle financing with aircraft sales, bypassing independent lessors and offering below-market rates to win orders
High leverage with Debt/Equity of 2.38x: Refinancing risk if credit markets seize up; $8-12B of debt matures annually requiring continuous market access
Asset-liability duration mismatch: Aircraft leases are 8-12 years while debt is often shorter-term, creating refinancing and interest rate risk
Concentration risk in specific aircraft types: Over-exposure to particular models (e.g., A380, 777-300ER) that fall out of favor creates impairment risk
StructuralCompetitiveBalance Sheet