ZTCOFZTCOFOTC
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R&D Expenses Over TimeStrong
Percentile Rank93
3Y CAGR+8.5%
5Y CAGR+13.9%
Year-over-Year Change

Research and development spending

3Y CAGR
+8.5%/yr
vs +9.7%/yr prior
5Y CAGR
+13.9%/yr
Recent deceleration
Acceleration
-1.2pp
Decelerating
Percentile
P93
Near historical high
vs 5Y Ago
1.9x
Solid growth
Streak
1 yr
Consecutive declineStrong
PeriodValueYoY Change
2024$24.03B-5.0%
2023$25.29B+17.1%
2022$21.60B+14.9%
2021$18.80B+27.1%
2020$14.80B+17.9%
2019$12.55B+15.1%
2018$10.91B-15.9%
2017$12.96B+1.6%
2016$12.76B+4.6%
2015$12.20B-